After the fractional distillation of crude oil there are too many large hydrocarbons and not enough small hydrocarbons to meet the publics demand. Cracking and alkenes crude oil, hydrocarbons and alkanes. For the best revision experience, use both the notes and the videos at the same time to help you follow along. Fuels made from oil mixtures containing large hydrocarbon. Some of the large hydrocarbons the heavier fractions are broken down into more useful smaller hydrocarbons lighter fractions by a process known as cracking. Cracking heat hydrocarbons and vapourise them then pass these vapours over a catalyst. To do well in gcse science, year 10 and year 11 students will need to know what hydrocarbons and alkenes are. What is the name of the process by which large hydrocarbons are broken up into smaller, more useful molecules. Gcse chemistry what is the cracking of hydrocarbons. Below you will find our collection of revision notes and video tutorials. Learn the basics about the cracking of hydrocarbons and why it is done. Catalytic cracking and balance equation gcse science balancing equations.
Alkenes are unsaturated which means they contain a carboncarbon double bond. Cracking hydrocarbons edexcel gcse chemistry revision notes. The bad news is that organic chemistry is kind of a big topic. Firstly, students asked to think about a question that oil companies face what to do with longer chain hydrocarbons which are in less demand than smaller chain hydrcarbons. Hydrocarbons from oil a2levellevelrevision, chemistry. Conformations are the different arrangement of atoms that can be converted into one another by rotation. Mr ridgway, king edward vi camp hill school for girls i am loving the design and how easy the app is to use. Gcse chemistry revision guides and question banks covering periodoc table, acids and alkalis, rates of reaction and all core gcse chemistry topics. In the ball and stick models below, carbon atoms are black and hydrogen atoms are white. This is a chemical reaction in which heat breaks down long chain molecules into smaller ones.
In this part of the website you can find a range of materials designed to support you through your gcse science revision. This page contains the detailed and easy notes for aqa gcse chemistry organic chemistry for revision and understanding organic chemistry. Gcse chemistry revision science section covering cracking and its products, hydrocarbons, catalyst, thermal decomposition, alkanes, single and double covalent bonds, and cracking paraffin. Cracking is used to convert long alkanes into shorter, more useful hydrocarbons.
Gcse c1a alkane alkene revision flashcards quizlet. Learn about crude oil, hydrocarbons and alkanes with bitesize gcse chemistry aqa. Revision homework cracking hydrocarbons the production of some products of fractional distillation of crude oil, such as naphtha, fuel oil and bitumen, exceeds demand. Chemistry revision notes on the topic cracking hydrocarbons. A good example of this is the cracking of hydrocarbons. Industrial processes such as cracking and reforming use these fractions to make hydrocarbons, which are in short supply. Gcse chemistry revision questions fossil fuels crude. Designed by expert teachers for the edexcel gcse 91 chemistry syllabus.
Complete the sentences using the words in the boxes. New91 aqa gcse chemistry c9 hydrocarbons kerboodle. Cracking is normally carried out at high temperatures using a catalyst. Cracking oil fraction hydrocarbons to produce more useful products. The best way to remember the information in this chapter is to get a pen and paper and write down your answers before clicking on the answer link which will take you to the correct page. Cracking oil fractions reaction conditions products equations. What conditions are needed for cracking of large hydrocarbons.
This lesson is designed for the new aqa trilogy chemistry gcse, particularly the organic chemistry sow. Gcse chemistry revision covering cracking and its products, hydrocarbons, catalyst, thermal decomposition, alkanes, single covalent bonds, alkenes, double covalent bonds, and cracking paraffin. Revise what you learned in year 10 and year 11 in this exciting quiz. Basic gc i know hydrocarbons contain only carbon and hydrogen.
This video prepares students for gcse higher tier science. As part of their work on crude oil, gcse chemistry students will look at thermal cracking. The products of cracking include shorter alkanes and unsaturated hydrocarbons called alkenes. Index of oil and organic chemistry gcseigcseo level.
Hydrocarbons and crude oil gcse chemistry combined. Cracking and alkenes gcse chemistry single science revision. Cracking is the process of converting alkanes into alkenes and shorter alkanes. Gcse chemistry revision scool, the revision website. Written by teachers for the edexcel igcse chemistry course. Gcse chemistry revision science section covering cracking and its products, hydrocarbons, catalyst, thermal decomposition, alkanes, single and double. There is a greater demand for smaller hydrocarbons than larger ones. It is caused by the breaking of carboncarbon bonds. Balanced equation for cracking of heptane deviltopp. Alkenes unsaturated hydrocarbons their chemical reactions. High octane starter to inject pace which is easily adapted for other lessons. Gcse aqa revision combined science gcse aqa revision combined science gcse aqa revision combined science gcse aqa revision combined. Doc browns gcseigcseo level ks4 sciencechemistry revision notes. Theyre found in crude oil and have many uses, from fuel to construction materials.
Alkanes crude oil, hydrocarbons and alkanes aqa gcse. The general formula for the homologous series of alkenes is cnh2n. This page also contains the link to the notes and video for the revision of this topic. We can break down hydrocarbons in a process called cracking. Two methods of cracking how to write a balanced equation for cracking what an alkene is, and how they differ from an alkane the test for alkenes the. Cracking is an example of a thermal decomposition chemical reaction.
Cracking gcse chemistry single science revision wjec bbc. A feedstock is a raw material used to provide reactants for an industrial reaction. Crude oil and hydrocarbons crude oil, hydrocarbons and. Index of pages on oil, its many useful products, environmental problems and an introduction to organic chemistry doc browns revision notes for gcse, igcse, o level, ks4 sciencechemistry courses the organic chemistry of carbon compounds is so important that it forms a separate branch of chemistry. Give two examples of properties of hydrocarbons that are dependent upon the size of the hydrocarbon molecule. Give a description of how crude oil is formed and where it is found. Bromine water can be used to test for the presence of unsaturated molecules. It is the remains of plantsanimalsfossils produced over millions of years. Displacement when one more reactive element pushes another less reactive element out of a compound. Cracking hydrocarbon chains will be expected for all three exam boards which are aqa. Cracking oil and alkenes gcse triple award revision.
I print the starter as as handout sheet so they only have to complete the cloze exercise without writing everything. Cracking is defined as a process, wherein complex organic molecules namely long chain hydrocarbons or kerogens are broken down into smaller molecules namely light hydrocarbons. The rate of catalyst greatly depends upon the factors such as the presence of catalyst and temperature. So were going to split it up into the main topics you need to learn for gcse, namely alkanes, alkenes and and the cracking of crude oil. Oil, useful products, environmental problems, introduction to organic chemistry. Cracking meaning types of cracking organic chemistry. You tend to get molecules containing benzene rings and short hydrocarbons. So lets get cracking get it with alkenes and crude oil. Cracking edexcel gcse chemistry single science revision. All resources are updated for the latest aqa 91 chemistry specification. Gcse crude oil revise the thermal cracking reaction. Cracking cracking is the breaking down of an unsaturated hydrocarbon into smaller hydrocarbons. Mfl department at clough hall school gcse religious studies by revision buddies is a decent app for those of you wanting to cram in a few moments of worthwhile but succinct revision before the big day.
The alkenes are a series of hydrocarbon molecules made of carbon and hydrogen. Have a go at this interactive aqa syllabus a quiz and revise what youve learned about their chemistry. Gcse chemistry unit 1 cracking alkanes to make alkenes cracking alkanes to make alkenes. Thermal cracking gives mixtures of products containing high proportions of. Thermal decomposition a single substance is broken down by heating. This page contains the aqa gcse chemistry c9 hydrocarbons questions and kerboodle answers for revision and understanding hydrocarbons. In this video, we look at how cracking is used to convert longchain hydrocarbons into shorterchain. Revision for aqa chemistry gcse, including summary notes, exam questions by topic and videos for each module. Petrol and other fuels are produced from it using fractional distillation. You will find a general guide which has been produced to help you revise for all your subjects and then there are some specific materials which have been produced to help you with your science gcse revision. The carbon atoms in these molecules are joined together in chains and rings. Do larger hydrocarbons have a higher or lower boiling point than smaller hydrocarbons. Browns gcseigcseo level ks4 sciencechemistry revision notes. Gcse combined science revision gcse computer science revision.
832 316 411 677 978 1103 501 1081 1009 540 728 961 331 1445 1240 1300 143 891 618 1333 1394 321 1378 1174 618 875 620 594 407 113 1265 135 862 722 1229 459 276 1269 221 425 103 746 796